If this
clicks it could it be the dawn of the
New Brown Age of Desi Cool in America?
In 1492 Columbus thought he had discovered
the Indians. Now finally after more than
six centuries of waiting we might have
discovered him.
"If Bombay Dreams is a success in
the States, then we've crossed a huge
milestone," says actor Aasif Mandvi.
"All the Indians in the tri-state
area will be going to go see Bombay Dreams,
but it still has to cross over to a large
non-Indian audience." Mandvi's one
person play Sakina's Restaurant got rave
reviews in 1998-99 and helped land him
the title role in Ismail Merchant's The
Mystic Masseur, but Sakina was not considered
a financial success. And ultimately that's
the currency of cool.
"It will last as long as people
buy it. Just follow the dollar,"
says Mandvi.
When I first landed as a grad student
in the United States at the end of the
eighties, my little university town in
Illinois was bursting with desi grad students,
but had little to offer them. There were
no all-you-can eat lunch buffets that
now dot Silicon Valley.
One "international" store offered
basic spices, but if you wanted panchphoran
forget it. Now you can go to a supermarket
in Sunnyvale in the heart of Silicon Valley
at 8 pm and get your Neem toothpaste and
hing.
Ads for a desi grocery store in the program
brochure of a Vijay Tendulkar play in
a suburb of Boston offer "baby goat
meat" and "frozen fish from
Bangladesh." The local high-end grocery
store in my own granola and organic neighborhood
in San Francisco stocks ready-made and
packaged Dal Maharani and Palak Paneer
among the organic baby spinach, firm tofu
and soymilk.
Some say America's Indian embrace started
with India opening its markets to the
multinationals. The giant cosmetics industries
have been called the main forces behind
the dawning of the age of Sushmita Sens
and Aishwariya Rais on the fashion firmament.
But the sea change, it seems stems from
the numbers.
According to the last census, the desi
population in the United States doubled
in 10 years to 2.18 million in 2000. Thousands
and thousands of engineers gobbled up
the H1-B visas. Most of them were young
men, missing mom's home cooking. Not surprisingly
Indian restaurants started popping up
in the areas they congregated - from the
nan-tandoori staples to homestyle cooking
from the kitchens of enterprising housewives
to idlis and dosas served in stores that
were carefully made to look like the IIT-mess
complete with carom boards.
Meanwhile in San Francisco, the rundown
Tenderloin, once home to gloomy dark hole-in-the-wall
bars, seedy massage parlors with flashing
signs and corner stores selling liquor
and beef jerky, started attracting so
many dhaba-style Indian/Pakistani restaurants
that the local newspaper dubbed it Tandoorloin.
Nowadays walking down the street, you
can still see the occasional drunk lying
in a stupor on the sidewalk. But the pervasive
smell is the rich charred aroma of tandoori
and creamy tikka masala rather than cheap
liquor and urine.
The economic downturn and the dot com
bust hit the Indian population hard. Suddenly
the H1-B stream reduced to a trickle.
More and more engineers started returning
home.
"Many of those engineers might have
gone back to India, but the taste of India
remains," says Sohel Subedar who
runs Mela, one of the oldest desi restaurants
in the area. "They introduced their
co-workers to this food before they left.
Now Americans are getting a taste for
Indian food whereas once they thought
it was an instant ulcer."
Food often is the immigrants' first point
of entry into America. "For most
Americans too, their first glimpse of
Indian culture is at a restaurant,"
explains Lisa Tsering, entertainment editor
of India West, a California weekly.
Thanks to the ubiquity of the H1-B engineers
and the sudden fame of hotshots like Hotmail's
Sabeer Bhatia, director M. Night Shyamalan
and Pulitzer winner Jhumpa Lahiri, Indians
were no longer the invisible modern minority.
Lagaan's Oscar nomination and the images
of Aishwariya Rai at Cannes all helped
boost that visibility.
We were the model citizens: winning spelling
bees, writing reams of code and buying
responsible cars like Hondas and Toyotas.
We had money, motels, and a lobbying firm
in Washington.
But we were never cool.
But when Hollywood anoints you, you are
transformed. Suddenly we are the stuff
that dreams are made of. We came here
in search of the American dream. Now,
we are in it.
"The door is definitely opening,"
says Tsering, who has been covering the
entertainment industry since 1991. "(Gurinder
Chadha's) Bride and Prejudice (starring
Rai) might be the one that really opens
the door," says Tsering.
Bollywood is finally entering the American
imagination. At the University of Washington,
Keith Snodgrass teaches Bollywood as part
of course on Media and Society in South
Asia. Most of Snodgrass' students are
non Indians or second generation Indians
trying to fathom why their parents are
addicted to Hindi films.
This year on Academy Awards night, the
biggest Oscar gala in San Francisco, a
black tie affair hosted by the Academy
of Friends decided to go for A Hollywood
to Bollywood Theme.
"Our event has always centered around
a celebration of the movies and Bollywood
and the window it provides into Indian
culture seemed a natural choice,"
says T. J. Snyder, publicity chair of
Academy of Friends.
It was a resounding success complete
with palm readers and Bharatanatyam dancers,
studly half naked young men with henna
tattoos on their rippling abs and white
men in tuxes and bindis moving through
swishing curtains of silk while the overhead
televisions broadcast the Oscars live.
Part Maharaja-fantasy, part Jungle Book,
a Bollywood theme can make quite a splash.
Renda Dabit of Hennagarden was in charge
of bringing Bollywood to life at the gala.
Dabit, a Palestinian-American who opened
the first Henna salon in the United States
in 1996 remembers that for the first ten
days of her salon in Berkeley she had
no customers. Now she has up to 35 artists
working at her store during peak time.
After branching into event production,
Dabit put on some Indian-themed parties
for big corporations with a lot of South
Asian employees.
"Bollywood and India are hot,"
says Dabit who also offers other themes
like Old West and Orient Express. "If
it's New York, San Francisco and Los Angeles
now, in five years it will be in Texas
and Minneapolis. So Bollywood still has
a plenty of juice left in it."
But others worry that like everything
else that's "hot" this is America's
latest fad. Once upon a time it was kung
fu.
"I love Bruce Lee," says Anmol
Chaddha, co-director of Yellow Apparel:
When Coolie Becomes Cool which dealt with
commodification of Asian culture. "But
what did it do for Asians' economic and
political power?" He points to the
popularity of African American culture
from rap to hip hop and soul. "People
want to see a black person on TV but don't
necessarily want them next door,"
says Chaddha.
Christine Wong says the popularity comes
at a price. An associate editor with YO!
Youth Outlook magazine, she remembers
how at the height of Kung Fu mania, she
was constantly asked by classmates in
her rural, mostly white town if she knew
Bruce Lee.
And post-Bruce Lee she says Asians are
stuck playing roles with funny accents
even if they have none in real life like
Pat Morita of the Karate Kid movies.
"I hope their growing visibility
in mass culture will allow South Asian
Americans to correct stereotypes and have
a stronger voice in national dialogues
on race," writes Wong. "We don't
need any more grinning comic-relief sidekicks,
over-done accents or "exotic"
hotties. But I doubt Apu (the store owner
in the cartoon The Simpsons) will be packing
up his Kwik-E Mart any time soon."
The interest in things Indian is not
entirely new. Yoga and sitars all had
their 15 minutes of fame. But that was
fizzless karma cola in comparison. The
difference this time is Indians are calling
the shots, instead of just handing their
sitars over to the Beatles to twang. Sudhir
Vaishnav is intimately involved in the
marketing of Bombay Dreams on Broadway.
It's not just the entertainment industry.
Birthday cards reproducing old kitschy
Indian matchbox covers pop up in retro
stores. Lunch boxes with Krishna or Ganesha
are suddenly popular.
Tight body hugging t-shirts in the tourist
trap stores in San Francisco's gay Castro
district say San Francisco in Devnagari
scipt. The vinyl covers of our rickshaws
are suddenly being converted into 100-dollar
tote bags for the fashionistas.
"All things can be turned into lunch
boxes and throw rugs," cautions Mandvi
trying to draw the line between commercialization
of Indian culture and appreciation of
it. "In a consumer society, things
are only as valuable as how many people
want to buy it. Therefore it's a way to
get people to buy Indian culture, without
actually having to understand it."
The disconnect is pretty apparent if
one examines the plight of South Asians
after 9/11. One of the first victims of
the post 9/11 backlash was a Sikh gas
station owner in Arizona. Temples were
looted and vandalized.
A Pakistani family trying to make biryani
in Pennsylvania found FBI agents in moon
suits bursting into their home and rifling
through the spice cabinets. A suspicious
neighbor thought they were making bombs
or something.
Now the fuss over outsourcing has heightened
tensions in an electoral year. Rohit Khanna
running for office in San Mateo county
in California received threatening phone
calls accusing him of taking jobs from
"real" Americans.
"That's not surprising. A bindi
on Madonna may be cool but my mom wearing
a bindi is still a 'dothead' and a target
for discrimination," says Anmol Chaddha
who is also a research associate with
ARC, referring to the Dotbuster gangs
that harassed and attacked South Asians
in the 80's. "Our lives as South
Asians are not improved because white
Americans can go to malls and try on bindis.
They after all can take them off when
they are not convenient."
The danger of cool is also that we can
be chewed up and processed and spat out
as millions of cookie-cutter lunch boxes
with images of Krishna stamped on them.
Probably made in China! And once you enter
the American Dream factory there is no
telling who will consume whom.
There have already been missteps. American
Eagle put Lord Ganesh on slippers, Gold
Medal Hosiery Company put Om on socks.
Images of Gods and toilet seats, Gandhi
as a comic wimp in Maxim magazine and
rock icon Tina Turner being tapped to
play Kali/Durga/Shakti have all sparked
the anger of Hindu organizations.
"Of course people don't have a
lot of information about India or Bollywood,"
admits Dabit of Hennagarden. "So
if they want to use images of Gods we
have to educate them about what's appropriate
or not. We have to say would you use an
image of Jesus Christ there?"
But when Anisha Nagarajan, Sriram Ganesh
and Manu Narayan belt out Shakalaka Baby
on Broadway it represents the browning
of Broadway as never seen before.
Whether this shade of brown will last
into next season or be replaced by the
next flavor of the day remains to be seen.
But for now, NBC entertainment is scouring
the country looking for the cast of a
new television sitcom. Nevermind Nirvana
is about a desi family, the Mehtas - Arjun,
Sonny, Raju, Sarita and the faithful family
retainer, Govind Singh.
Let the browning begin.
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